Sexual harassment is treated as a form of sex discrimination under
Article VII of the Civil Rights Act, where it is defined as unwelcome advances
of a sexual nature, physical or verbal behavior of a sexual nature and requests
for favors that are explicitly sexual in nature. Article VII is an
anti-discriminatory law formulated to prevent workplace harassment and/or
discrimination that are often meted out on the basis of caste, creed, sex,
religion, national origin, and color.
Types of Sexual Harassment Defined
Quid
Pro Quo - Quid pro quo
harassment happens when sex is made a condition for employment, raise, or
promotion. Quid pro quo also happens when an individual is threatened with
retaliation if he/she does not perform certain sexual acts. Sexual harassment
lawyers proclaim that when a worker is terminated
because they refused a sexual favor, it is often considered as retaliation
by the employer.
Hostile
Work Environment - Hostile work
environment happens when the conduct of certain individuals creates a hostile
and offensive work environment thereby making it impossible for an individual
to perform properly under the circumstances. Sexual harassment attorneys
explain that the courts look at certain aspects to determine hostile
environment.
- Was the conduct physical or verbal or both?
- Was the conduct offensive and hostile?
- How often was the conduct repeated?
- Did others join the harassment at some point?
- Was the harassment directed towards a single individual or multiple workers?
Are men protected under Article VII?
Article VII also protects men from
harassment. In fact harassment can happen against both men and women. Moreover,
individuals are often harassed by members of the same sex. It is important to
note that harassment is not always meted out by a supervisor. Sometimes
co-workers, supervisors of other departments, and people not employed by the
company, such as a client, can harass you.
You saw this in the movie Disclosure
when Demi Moore’s character (Meredith Johnson) went after Michael Douglass’s
character (Tom Sanders). It was sexual harassment, it was actually more like sexual
assault. She knew he was married. It is amazing someone like Meredith Johnson could
even reach the higher echelons of corporate America. She obviously slept and
manipulated herself to the top. She was probably smart but more ruthless and
cunning than intelligent. Someone like Meredith Johnson is unethical and a
narcissist.
Meredith went after Tom because Tom
refused to have sex with her. Not right! Meredith was irrational and a danger
to the company and herself.
Can a single incident construe
harassment?
A single incident can be construed as
harassment if you are face quid pro harassment. This means if your employer
fires you or denies your promotion because you rejected a sexual advance then a
single incident is sufficient to bring a lawsuit against the employer. However,
if you are facing a hostile work environment then a single incident may not be
harassment.
For a single incident to be considered
as hostile environment it has to be extremely severe such as an assault or battery.
So a snide comment made in the cafeteria does not construe harassment. Sexual
harassment lawyers claim that if such comments are repeatedly made, then a
pattern of behavior emerges, which the courts can find offensive enough to
label it as a hostile work environment.
Can employers retaliate if workers
complain to the HR or EEOC?
The employer cannot retaliate against any
workers if they have reported the harassment. If the company takes retaliatory
action against you, the courts will take punitive measures against the
employer. Moreover, if you appear as a witness in an investigation involving a
colleague the employer is prohibited from retaliating against you in any form.
If you are facing any form of workplace sexual
harassment you can always reach out to a sexual harassment lawyer to
know your rights. Sexual harassment lawsuits require time to prepare and this
becomes tricky when you are up against EEOC deadlines. So make the right move
and call a legal counselor today. People like Meredith Johnson should not
exist! Don’t let them get away with it!
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